حمید خواجویی

The health field is one of the sectors with a good situation and high potential in terms of the feasibility of using blockchain technology in terms of assets, technology, laws and regulations, and the ecosystem. The challenges related to using Blockchain technology are decreasing because of its maturity. However, the reasoning is needed to use this technology in different sectors. Technology such as Blockchain has the potential to alter the stakeholders involved in a system. Paying attention to stakeholders is one of the main pillars of developing a system. Evidence has shown that Blockchain can solve existing challenges and add new capabilities. These actions will change the stakeholders of PHR. In this research, we have investigated the value creation resulting from applying this technology to personal health records using qualitative and quantitative methods. Researcher used the method of design science to achieve the goal (in terms of formulating, implementing and testing the model). The research adhered to the guidelines outlined in the PRISMA statement in two parts, first for identification of stakeholders and second for identification of value creation model components. To this end, the study utilized databases including MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for English language articles, while the "iranjournals.nlai.ir" database was accessed for Persian language articles. To identify the stakeholders, ۴۱ articles were examined, and a total of ۱۸ ones was identified. Primary stakeholders: individual, health care providers, hospitals, ePHR managers, researchers,employer, pharmacy, laboratory and radiology, and patient representative. Secondary stakeholders: insurance companies, PHR software providers, infrastructure companies pharmaceutical companies, token and cryptocurrency service providers. Third stakeholders:, policy makers, government, society. To determine the appropriate type of blockchain technology, the combination of two BWM-TOPSIS methods (multi-criteria decision-making methods) was used. For this purpose, two questionnaire were prepared and given to ۱۰ experts. The results showed that consortium type blockchain is more suitable for use in personal health records than the other two types.. To identify the values ??from the point of view of the three groups of stakeholders, the ۷-step method of Sandelowski and Barso was used. ۵۲ articles were reviewed. The identified values ??were first checked using expert opinions and fuzzy Delphi, and all of them were confirmed. These values ??include tra  arency, efficiency, integrity, financial incentives, privacy, and security. The results were analyzed using SmartPLS software from the point of view of the stakeholders of the three groups. The results showed that all the components of the model except the financial incentive were confirmed for the third group of stakeholders.